Scandinavian Airlines free essay sample

With the anticipation of increased emissions charges and taxes in the European industry, the company could have positive financial implications with the minimized risk of future operational limitations from the combination of international, federal, regional and local legislation. The Director of Aircraft and Engine Analysis could argue against the purchase of the green engines on the basis of cost and uncertainty of raised emissions regulations. The total cost of purchasing the green engines was estimated at kr 12 billion or 1. 14 billion US dollars. The director was also unable to produce figures on the economic payback of the purchase and use of the green engines. To support the argument of uncertainty, The regulatory structure of the industry made it hard to make any clear predictions on the anticipated increase in emissions charges and taxes. b. From the perspective of the SAS Management Team, two arguments for purchasing the green engines include; staying true with their commit ment to environment policy and avoiding the potential emissions cap at certain airports. We will write a custom essay sample on Scandinavian Airlines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The environmental commitment policy that SAS values as a company will be appreciated by the environmentally conscious culture in Scandinavia. To avoid the potential emissions cap would mean SAS could avoid the financial disaster that included a fleet of planes that possibly could be grounded at the company’s main hub. The SAS Management Team could argue against the purchase of the green engines on the basis that the costs of the technology used would be significant, and unanticipated complications could add even more costs. The green engine has never before been installed on the 737 so technological hurdles had to be overcome with expensive research and development. The unanticipated complications are an inevitable with new technology. The only long-term research available is the actual use of the engine day after day, year after year. Internal and external influences: a. Three internal forces at SAS that could have influenced the firm’s decision to purchase the green engines were their objectives, capabilities, and culture. SAS had a corporate identity as the leader in environmental commitment and the objectives were to maintain the identity with decisions of environmentally positive actions. The capabilities were there to make purchasing the green engines. The resources were available along with the finances as well. The culture of the company was socially influenced by the increasingly environmentally conscious shareholders. The strongest internal force influencing the decision to purchase the green engines was the culture factor because of its influence on shareholders. A deep set of environmental values and beliefs embedded the culture of the shareholders. If SAS shied away from decisions the involved saving the environment, then shareholders could make decisions that would not help the business side of SAS and could eventually lose customers and therefore lose business. b. Three external environmental forces that could have influenced the SAS’s decision included industry, laws, and regulations. The industry was becoming more efficient and SAS was heading in the same direction. The laws in Scandinavia were becoming tighter and more restricting. The regulations of most organizations and airports were cracking down on noise and Co2 out put and SAS had to stay a step ahead to be profitable. Of these external influences, regulations were the most influential because of the potential to be grounded if there was a regulation the SAS did not fall under. If that did happen, SAS could potentially not recover and become bankrupt. Recommendations: a. While some of the long term benefits of environmentally responsible investments for a corporation are social responsibility, shareholders happiness, and regulation following, corporations should make these investments even if they don’t have a short term payoff because short gains now for big gains later always pays off better. The company should think of it as an investment into the possibility of business. The odds suggest that SAS will have a better chance of being profitable down the road rather than a cost cut now. b. The SAS management team should approve of the purchase of the green engines because the long-term gains from using the green engines outweigh the short-term price cuts of a normal jet engine. If you take everything in consideration, from the social culture to the regulation implications that could limit the airline industry, the decision is easy. The culture of the company must stay consistent and should not deceive its share holders of its mission and objectives as an industry leader in environment responsibility. Another benefit to think about is the first to act on this type of technological breakthrough.

Essay on Lunacies of Catch-22 Essays - Yossarian, Catch-22

Essay on Lunacies of Catch-22 Essays - Yossarian, Catch-22 Essay on Lunacies of Catch-22 english essay on lunacies of catch-22 Joseph Heller, in his Catch-22, satirizes the lunacies and catches of war and the military. This world which Yossarian and Milo inhabit is a game to be played very carefully. That the craziness of war is a game can be supported by the fact that Milo and Yossarian both win, but each having and utilizing a different strategy. "Milo and Yossarian came from fundamentally different con-man traditions, both pressed into new extremes. The contrast in styles can be summed up by saying that Milo is serious but covert and that Yossarian is open but playful." Throughout the novel, Milo makes headway by his manipulations and fast talk. He makes himself invaluable to Colonel Cathcart by forcing him to realize that he is irreplaceable. He manipulates himself into a position of acting as a lifeline to the base by appealing to the weaknesses of his superior officers. Cunningly he maneuvers himself into power and becomes the most influential person in the entire scope of operations. However, he loses the sense of the game; he becomes so wrapped up in gaining position, he loses his sense of awareness and becomes singularly concerned with money and power. Yossaarian, on the other hand, remains openly defiant of the game but succeeds at it because of his playfulness. He attends a march stark naked, openly aborts missions, and obviously fakes illness to escape "the game." In doing this he makes his points and accomplishes his goals but only because of his playfulness. Yossarian made real headway upon his temporary repression of his ideals and principles but realizing his mistake changed his mind. He could not manipulate his beliefs as Milo does but could not advance with open, serious defiance and strict adherence to his principles. Yossarian sacrificed his only straightforward chance to escape the crazy "game" because of his beliefs. The craziness of this game and the winding paths that Yossarian and Milo follow to no particular end are what signified Catch-22 as a classic anti-realistic novel. Both characters are thrust into the same situation and are forced to make the best of it. The choices they make and the routes they follow through life determine their outcome.

Organzational change, values, and leadership Research Paper

Organzational change, values, and leadership - Research Paper Example On the hand, leadership is a scenario in which one individual exercises influence over the roles and operations of other individuals with the aim of achieving a common goal (Northouse, 2009). A strong connection exists between organizational change, values, and leadership. Vision and leadership are essential for successful change while change should be considered a core organizational value (Durant, 1999). Organizations face certain issues that may pose challenges to their operations. Change is one of the current issues encountered in organizations. In the event that these organizational changes are encountered, there is need for the companies to strive to adapt their employees to the new organizational requirements. A change in the organization’s policy, vision, or mission may cause certain challenges to the employees, who in turn must be ready to execute the changes. An organizational change may often lead to a difference in opinions among the employees of the organization. The other issue is the diversity that exists among the employees of an organization. Organizations comprise individuals with different values by which they live. The organizations also have their values by which the employees have to act and operate. Conflict between personal values of the employees and the organizational values may lower overall output of the organization. Similarly, effective leadership is an essential management tool in enhancing organizational effectiveness. The managers mobilize others to get things done in an organization. They need to acquire skills for peoples’ management through effective training. The management of organizations is charged with the responsibility of detecting and responding to these changes accordingly and in good time. The changes affect the organizational objectives as well as the way employees

Ecommerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Ecommerce - Essay Example The other type is B2C, which involves the business selling directly to the consumer. This type of e-commerce is majorly associated with high demand consumer goods in the retail, wholesale and supermarket business models. An example is Azizia Panda business accessed through http://www.panda.com.sa/dammam/Aboutpanda?___store=dammam_en&___from_store=dammam_ar. B2C Online direct marketing that sells products online which derives revenue from Sales. http://www.expatriates.com/classifieds/saudi/. B2C also earns revenue through consultancy and offering advice to the customers. Through marketing other entities on their sites, B2C enterprises also earn revenue. C2C is another form of e-commerce, which mainly involves the consumers selling to fellow consumers. Online sales websites are common for this type of business which is mainly associated with the retail business. An example is the Jarir bookstore in Saudi Arabia accessed through www.jarirbookstore.com. C2C Online direct marketing that s erves as classified ads which derives revenue from Advertisement. Features that you like: The site is simple to access and guide the online shopper in terms of the characteristics of commodities that he or she is buying. The site is also accessible on mobile applications, making it an efficient application. The application can be compared to Jumia online shopping which operates globally on localized platforms. It is accessible through http://www.jumia.com. The application is compatible on mobile devices while it possesses features of high speed and efficiency in use. The feature also enables advance booking that could make business in KSA more dynamic. The site is lean in terms of drive space consumed making it faster and portable. Bigboxx.com operates a B2C type of e-commerce. This is mainly characterized by listings inviting the customers to shop online for their household goods. The business operates on a retail business model. They are selling single items to the

Turning Fear Into and Everyday Relevance Term Paper

Turning Fear Into and Everyday Relevance - Term Paper Example Even more revealing were the results found by the 2000 Decorte, Verschaffel and Green study which stated, â€Å"when middle school students were prompted to ask their parents about their use of the Pythagorean Theorem, an overwhelming 78% answered that they could not recall ever using the Pythagorean Theorem in their day to day lives† (Decorte, Verschaffel and Green). In response, many modern day teachers have begun to explore new ways to teach the Pythagorean Theorem in an attempt to help students see the relevance it can have in their everyday lives. For many students, the words â€Å"Pythagorean Theorem† can sound incredibly daunting and intimidating. It is the teacher's job to show them how the process of this theorem are performed in various daily situations, and that they have probably already experienced it without realizing it. By introducing students to real-life examples, teachers can help take the fear out of the equation. â€Å"Some mathematicians and teachers have attempted to produce textbooks that use a bare minimum of sentential representation and argument† (Lindsay). These books often proved useless without further explanation from the teacher. They proved that students needed real-life examples of how the Pythagorean Theorem worked in order to understand the process. The diagrams in these textbooks are often referred to as â€Å"diagrammatic demonstrations†. â€Å"A diagram that illustrates a mathematical relation by showing in essence that it is an accurate reflection of the behavior of obje cts in space and provides an understanding because it grounds the abstraction in our customary experience† (Lindsay). The problem with these diagrams was that they often reflected shaped that were unrealistic and never seen in real life. One approach that many teachers are currently pursuing is to use pictures of real buildings, baseball fields, and other such relevant structures.

Photographer Comparison Essay: Cindy Sherman and Omar Diop

Photographer Comparison Essay: Cindy Sherman and Omar Diop Introduction The following study will analyse and compare the contemporary photographers- widely known for their conceptual portraits- American Cindy Sherman (b. 1954) and Senegalese Omar Victor Diop (b. 1980). The works selected are Albert Badin by Diop and Untitled (Self-Portrait with Sundress), both of which feature a persona explored through self-portraiture and conceptual portraiture. Thus, the works go in hand with my theme of identity. Cindy Sherman studied visual arts at university, focusing firstly on painting before later working with photography, which is now her most prominent medium. Sherman is one of the most respected photographers of the late twentieth century. The majority of her photographs are self-portraits, each featuring a feminist element which challenge the representation of women in society and media, as well as American popular culture. Hence, her works are a vehicle for commentary on contemporary American society. Omar Victor Diop studied at the Business School of Paris and worked in communications before concentrating solely on photography. His most famous series is Diaspora (2014) featuring staged self-portraits inspired by Spanish portraiture of the 14th and 15th century. It explores the identity of modern Africans and the role of African history, culture and heritage in the formation of such. Thus, his works explore the interconnectedness of collective and personal identity. Note: Diops name is both correctly spelt as Omar Victor Diop and Omar Viktor Diop. In this study, the former will be used. Diop Analysis of formal qualities Diops series Diaspora meaning the dispersion of people from their original homeland-was first exhibited in 2014. The series appropriates Spanish portraiture of prominent African figures who experienced African diaspora in the 14th and 15th century, with Diop as the subject. Diop produced this series while residing in Spain, during which he experienced cultural alienation. In recreating portraits of famous Africans who were alienated in the most extreme sense in Europe- experiencing racism, mocking, and complete abandonment from society- Diop conducts a personal search for both his own identity and the collective identity of Africans in Europe. The work investigated in this comparative study is Albert Badin (medium), a recreation of a historic portrait by Gustaf Lundberg. Badin- originally named Couchi- was born in 1747 or 1750 in either Africa or Saint Croix before being forced into slavery. Badin- meaning trickster was treated as a noble savage and permitted to work as a Swedish court-servant and butler of Queen Luisa Ulrika of Sweden. Badin was also a diarist and a fond member of the Swedish courtly life. As with the other figures in the Diaspora series, Badin- as stated by Diop- did not fulfil the usual expectations of the African diaspora insofar as they were educated, stylish and confident, even if some of them were owned by white people and treated as the exotic other. (via theguardian.com) Thus, through recreating the portrait, Diop investigates his own cultural heritage and gives figures omitted from history a voice once more, as well as celebrates them, as despite existing at a time where it was very unlikely for them to flourish during colonisation and slavery. (via trueafrica.co) they managed to lead a successful life. Diop achieves this through restaging the original portrait, wearing a near-identical costume and recreating the composition and colour scheme of cool shades of blue and white, which create a sense of harmony and balance. However, the portrait is not exactly copied in Diops piece, merely appropriated. It is readily recognisable, however, the works in Diops series all have a modern-day narrative through references to football. In Albert Badin, these are a whistle and a red card which replace the original works chess pieces. Curator Raquel Wilson has stated the use of football equipment demonstrates the duality of living a life of glory and recognition while simultaneously confronting the challenges of being other' (via omarviktor.com). Modern African players achieved recognition in Europe, yet face still racism, similarly to Badin. Diop states that this is the kind of paradox I am investigating in my work. as there is a very interesting blend of glory, hero-worship and exclusion. (via theguardian.com). The use of football equipment in Diops works ties together racism in both the past and present. In terms of formal qualities, the work mimics and appropriates the original portrait. Diop has a near identical angled tilted head, however, the original portrait is titled to the left whereas Diop turns to the right. Diop wears a similar costume and pose, as well as facial expression: both figures have eye-contact with the viewer in a confrontational, yet playful and manner, as if the figure were challenging the viewer to a game of chess or- in Diops work- presenting the viewer with a red card and whistling at him. In football, this means that the player has to leave the field. This could be representative of Diop criticising the viewer and indeed society of omitting Badin from history, punishing them with the red card. Annotations of Diop Modern appearance: through the high quality of photograph, the piece appears sleek and fashionable, which is to be expected, as Diop also works in fashion photography. The work is not edited to mimic the old and worn appearance of the original piece, as Diop wishes to give the piece a clear modern look. Although Diop recreates a portrait from the 18th century, there is a clear modern narrative through the aesthetics of the work and the use of football equipment. This highlights that problems Badin experienced hundreds of years ago- such as racism and alienation- remain contemporary issues today, and should not be forgotten. Comments on racism in past and present through football props: By making all the figures carry objects related to football, like balls, red cards and studs, I linked them to the present in order to situate them within the debate on immigration and the integration of foreigners into European societies. All these eminent but unknown people were the first to obtain recognition for black people for their exceptional talent. Today, its a talent for football that gives you that passport. (Omar Victor Diop via trueafrica.co) Symbolic form: Diop holds the whistle and red card in a staged manner, allowing the viewer to clearly see the objects. The viewers eye is drawn to them, indicating their importance. Head turned to right: Diop does not exactly replicate the original portrait, although the overall composition is near identical. Annotations of original portrait Head turned to left: one of the key differences between Diops work and the original portrait. Chess pieces: Badin hold chess pieces, representing his intellectual as well as playful and entertaining personality. Interpretation of function and purpose Diop himself poses as a forgotten man. The work is a self-portrait, and as a Sengalese himself, Diop thus explores his own identity, as well as his African heritage. Diops work demonstrates the link and interconnectedness between cultural and collective identity and his personal identity, critically through putting himself in the shoes of figures of the African diaspora as Diop takes on the role of Badin and poses as him. Through the use of modern football equipment and the sleek appearance of the photograph, there is a modern narrative prevalent in the piece. As Diop stated, he wanted to bring these rich historical characters into the current conversation about the African diaspora and contemporary issues around immigration, integration and acceptance. (via thegurdian.com) Evaluation of cultural significance As mentioned previously, Diop gives African historical figures omitted from historical discourse a voice who Diop states ought to be celebrated (via trueafrica.co) and forces the figures into a modern narrative once more. Diop himself belongs to the modern generation of young, successful Africans who chose not to abandon their country, despite being presented the chance to: Diops family is in the upper middle-class and Diop studied and worked in Europe for many years. Thus, contemporary issues relating to Senegal and the African continent influence his work greatly. The portrayal of Africa in often a negative one, featuring nothing but poverty and generalising the large and diverse continent to nothing but stereotypes. In depicting successful African figures who were forgotten in historical discourse, Diop reminds the viewer of the complexity of African history and culture, and speaks against and challenges the negative representation of Africans in popular culture. Furthermore, Diop explores what it means to be a part of modern Africa, and investigates how history influences both personal and collective identity. Through confronting the viewer with historical figures- perhaps in a damning way, represented through presenting the viewer with a red-card- Diop forces the viewer to contemplate and reflect on African history, critically as Diop himself exhibited the series in Dakar and later in France, which has a colonial past and a large amount of African immigrants. Therefore, both the artist and the viewer contemplates the balance and interconnectedness of modern-day Africa and the rich and complex African diaspora. Sherman Annotations Caricature of stereotype: In this work, Sherman takes on the role of a middle-class woman, which is indicated by her tacky jewellery and costume, on vacation, shown by her intense sun-tan. Thus, Sherman handles a multitude of stereotypes in the work: Americans, women, and the working-class. Analysis of formal qualities The work analysed is Untitled (Self-Portrait with Sundress), however, while researching, it was found that sources have also titled the piece Untitled (Self-Portrait with Spraytan). In this study, the former will be used according to the auction site artnet.com, which was deemed a reliable source. The piece was created in 2003 and is a chromogenic print on smooth white paper with full margins, and 66 * 40 cm. The work is a part of Shermans early 2000s series of self-portraits, which feature Sherman in different costumes and poses, portraying female stereotypes in American film, television, and advertising. Through the medium of photography, Sherman mimics reality and constructs new identity: a persona. In doing so, Sherman criticises the subject and role she takes on. In the case of Untitled (Self-Portrait with Spray Tan), Sherman critiques American society for its superficiality and consumerism as well as banality. As with most of Shermans work, it is a self-portrait, in which Sherman uses makeup, costume, and props to depict a common American stereotype and visually and socially-defined personality type. Sherman is barely recognisable and easily changeable as she depicts an intensely tanned subject in a sundress. The subject is posed in an unnatural manner, and her features are exaggerated, thus creating a caricature. In terms of visual properties, Sherman Quotes I feel Im anonymous in my work. When I look at the pictures, I never see myself; they arent self-portraits. Sometimes I disappear. via artlyst Interpretation of function and purpose The work forces the viewer to confront and reconsider stereotypes through. Sherman does not define where she stand in relation to he works, and the interpretation is left open to the viewer. Ultimately, the reaction of the public to her work says more about the viewer than the subjects themselves. In another sense, Sherman argues that personal identity is comprised solely of social dictates and personal intention in that she constructs a persona entirely of vison and socially defined personality archetypes. more Protagonist can escape role, identity construct, fluid, persona Sherman does not fix herself in single social position (quote) Evaluation of cultural significance Sherman has played a major role in various art movements, each of which are reflected in the piece. Feminist movement: Emerging in the late 1960s, the movement sought to criticise and change the world through art, with a specific focus on women and their roles in society over a longer period of time, being the nineteenth to twenty-first century. Sherman, as other feminist artists, include the female perspective in their works and question the social landscape of their context. She explores femininity as a social construct and examines female typologies. In Untitled (Self-Portrait with Sundress), Sherman takes on the role of the stereotype of a sun-tanned, middle-class American woman on vacation, with a so-called cheap appearance. Through creating this character, Sherman explores the role of appearance in the formation of identity, particularly female identity. Thus, Sherman reworks archetypes as both a creator- and woman- and character. She re-establishes women and what it means to be a woman in todays world, and freezes herself in the role she takes through the medium of photograp hy. Thus, the works are both deeply personal and feminist. The Pictures Generation: This label often refers to both contemporary artists and specifically visual artists active in the seventies and eighties. Critically, the artists use appropriation and montage, as well as explore the constructed nature of images through the medium of photography. As with Shermans work, members of this movement often seek to trigger social criticism in viewers saturated by mass media. Indeed, the artists themselves were heavily influenced by the saturated image culture of the United States, and thus, the works challenge traditional art forms and mimic the artificiality of media and in particular advertising. Works appear mass-produced and blur between fine art and popular images, as they are composed with conceptual frameworks. Sherman specifically explores the boundaries between original and fabricated reality through an exaggerated appearance with a clearly staged environment and printed the photographs in large-scale and bright colours, yet the works are c learly inspired by reality. This creates a blend of performance and photography itself. Diop Sherman Making comparisons and connections Formal qualities: Whilst both works share the medium of photography and are self-portraits, the subjects portrayed are vastly different. Both Sherman and Diop take on personas which differ greatly: Sherman poses as an American sun-tanned woman, Diop is a historical figure. In terms of visual properties, the photographs Position, composition Both artists appropriate to some extent. Diop directly mimics a historical portrait, whereas Sherman imitates a specific archetype. The subject is easily recognisable, and thus leads the viewer to question the role of appearances in the formation of identity, and how appearances can or cannot be misleading: does the fact that the artists dress up as a figure mean they are the figure? As the works are self-portraits and the subject is the artist themselves, there is undoubtedly a strong personal link to each work for the artist. Furthermore, both works have a strong element of artificiality. The photographs are staged and feature the subject in exaggerated costume and makeup, and are not designed to be an accurate reflection of reality. However, Sherman deliberately creates a caricature of the subject, whereas Diop recreates a historical portrait with added football props, carrying a symbolic meaning. Function and purpose: Critically, Diop explores the paradox of modern and historical identity, as well as the role of history in the formation of contemporary African identity. Through posing himself as Albert Badin and the use of football symbolism, Diops work investigates the link between our culture, the history of our homeland, collective and personal identity of Africans. Contrarily, Shermans work does not have a focus on history, and instead focuses solely on modern American society and how this influences the personal identity of women. Cultural significance: In terms of cultural significance, the two artists share little to no similarities. However, critically, both artists reflect their own cultural context through their works: Sherman mirrors American stereotypes whereas Diop explores the contemporary question many young Africans face today, being balancing cultural history and modern identity. Making connections to own art making practice Formal qualities: Photography, self-portraits, costume and use of props, simple background Function and purpose: Aim of pieces, small size?, artificiality à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   Sherman Cultural significance: Cultural element à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   Diop Sources: http://www.artnet.com/artists/cindy-sherman/untitled-self-portrait-with-sundress-aHQ26YzCxxzu-QkGJzHEAQ2 http://www.artlyst.com/Cindy.Sherman http://www.rencontres-arles.com/C.aspx?VP3=CMS3VF=ARLAR1_213_VFormFRM=Frame%3AARLAR1_254 http://africanah.org/omar-victor-diop-2/ http://www.omarviktor.com/project-diaspora http://trueafrica.co/article/omar-victor-diop-on-dakars-spectrum-of-possibilities/ https://i-d.vice.com/en_gb/article/omar-victor-diop-is-documenting-a-new-generation-of-african-creatives http://www.theartstory.org/movement-feminist-art.htm http://www.theartstory.org/movement-the-pictures-generation.htm http://www.theartstory.org/movement-conceptual-art.htm http://www.blackpast.org/gah/badin-adolf-1747-1822 http://www.artspace.com/magazine/art_101/art_market/pictures_generation-51922

Math Coursework - The Fencing Problem :: Math Coursework Mathematics

The Fencing Problem A farmer has 1000m of fencing and wants to fence off a plot of level land. She is not concerned about the shape of plot, but it must have a perimeter of 1000m. So it could be: [IMAGE] Or anything else with a perimeter (or circumference) of 1000m. She wishes to fence of the plot of land with the polygon with the biggest area. To find this I will find whether irregular shapes are larger than regular ones or visa versa. To do this I will find the area of irregular triangles and a regular triangle, irregular quadrilaterals and a regular square, this will prove whether irregular polygons are larger that regular polygons. Area of an isosceles irregular triangle: ======================================== (Note: I found there is not a right angle triangle with the perimeter of exactly 1000m, the closest I got to it is on the results table below.) To find the area of an isosceles triangle I will need to use the formula 1/2base*height. But I will first need to find the height. To do this I will use Pythagoras theorem which is a2 + b2 = h2. [IMAGE] [IMAGE] First I will half the triangle so I get a right angle triangle with the base as 100m and the hypotenuse as 400m. Now I will find the height: a2 + b2= h2 a2 + 1002 = 4002 a2 = 4002 - 1002 a2 = 160000 - 10000 a2 = 150000 a = 387.298m Now I will find the area: 100*387.298 = 3872.983m2 My table shows the areas of other irregular triangles, but to prove that regular shapes have a larger area I will show the area of a regular triangle: Area of a regular triangle: Tan30= 166.6666667/x X= 166.666667/Tan30 X= 288.675m 288.675*166.6666667 = 48112.5224m2 This shows clearly that the regular triangle's area is larger than the